Why?: The public lighting of the Menorah was instituted as a publicity strategy, informing the whole world that God performs miracles for those who stand up for truth and justice.
When?: The Maccabees drove out the forces of darkness with swords; we do it with candles. That is why we light the Menorah right after sunset. Except on Fridays, we light them before the Shabbat candles, and on Saturdays, we light them after nightfall.
Where? Anywhere you live. The menorah is placed on a door, on the left side, opposite the mezuzah. Others have the custom of placing it in a window, facing the street.
Who?: Every Jewish person, men, women, and children. In many homes, the father lights a menorah for the rest of the family. In others, each person lights their own menorah.
The Menorah: The miracle of Hanukkah involved oil, so it is the best fuel for lighting the Menorah. However, any candle that lasts at least half an hour after nightfall may be used. An electric Menorah is beautiful, but it does not fulfill the mitzvah.