La traducción de la palabra Mishpatím es «leyes», «reglas». En general, se refiere a leyes que tienen un lugar en el intelecto humano, es decir, leyes que todo juzgado civil y/o penal hubiese creado por sí mismo sin la necesidad de tener un Di-s que las dictase para aplicarlas.
Ahora bien, la parashá de la Torá que lleva ese nombre y continene muchas de esas leyes comienza con una letra vav, que indica una continuación de lo anterior, como la «y» en español. Esto quire decir, que esa parashá es una continuación de la anterior.
Indeed, Rashi, one of the leading commentators on the Torah, offers an interesting explanation: just as the Ten Commandments were given by God at Mount Sinai (a matter discussed at the end of the previous section), so too were the laws described in the Mishpatim section.
In other words, it is one of the foundations of Judaism that all the laws of the Torah were given by God on Mount Sinai.
The difference between one type of law and another is that in some cases God gave meaning to the human intellect for a certain law, that is, it is a law that makes sense to human reason, while in other cases the law is not understood by the human intellect.
Although in the case of the Mishpatim the human mind can understand them, it is important to know that what we understand is what God wanted to be understood of the Mitzvah, but it is not its true reason, as that reason is in Divine Wisdom.