The translation of the word Mishpatim is "laws" or "rules." Generally, it refers to laws that reside in the human intellect; that is, laws that any civil and/or criminal court would have created on its own without needing a God to dictate and apply them.
Now, the Torah portion that bears that name and contains many of those laws begins with a vav, which indicates a continuation of what came before, like the letter "y" in English. This means that this portion is a continuation of the previous one.
Indeed, Rashi, one of the leading commentators on the Torah, offers an interesting explanation: just as the Ten Commandments were given by God at Mount Sinai (a matter discussed at the end of the previous section), so too were the laws described in the Mishpatim section.
In other words, it is one of the foundations of Judaism that all the laws of the Torah were given by God on Mount Sinai.
The difference between one type of law and another is that in some cases God gave meaning to the human intellect for a certain law, that is, it is a law that makes sense to human reason, while in other cases the law is not understood by the human intellect.
Although in the case of the Mishpatim the human mind can understand them, it is important to know that what we understand is what God wanted to be understood of the Mitzvah, but it is not its true reason, as that reason is in Divine Wisdom.