According to the Torah, a child is not obligated to observe the mitzvot until adulthood. However, our sages commanded us to educate our children to perform mitzvot and to avoid doing what is forbidden.
This precept is called Chinuch, and it begins when the child is able to observe each commandment. Traditionally, at the age of three, children are taught to say the blessings over food and some basic prayers. Then, boys begin to cover their heads and wear tzitzit, while girls begin to light Shabbat candles.
At first, the reward method is used to get the child used to observance, but the goal is to teach them to appreciate each Mitzvah and the connection it creates with God.
As soon as the child begins to speak, he is taught fundamental verses from the Torah, such as "Shema Yisrael".
Those who cannot fulfill this mitzvah on their own may delegate it to the teachers at school. However, this does not absolve parents of their responsibility for their children's education, since the school primarily provides information, while the home provides emotional development.
Although the obligation of education rests on the father, the most effective educator is the mother who, through her natural feminine gentleness and the fact that she spends more time with the children, is more appropriate to transmit the values and morals of Judaism to her children.